St Benet's, Paul's Wharf

St Benet Paul's Wharf
St Benet Paul's Wharf
	51°30′42.01″N 0°5′57.38″W / 51.5116694°N 0.0992722°W
Location	London, EC4
Denomination	Anglican
Previous denomination	Roman Catholicism
Churchmanship	Conservative evangelical
Architecture
Heritage designation	Grade I listed building
Architect(s)	Christopher Wren, possibly Robert Hooke
Style	Baroque
Completed	1683
Specifications
Height	115 ft (35 m)
Administration
Diocese	London

The Church of St Benet Paul's Wharf is a Welsh Anglican church in the City of London, England. Since 1556, it has also been the official church of the College of Arms in which many officers of arms have been buried. In 1666 it was destroyed in the Great Fire of London, after which it was rebuilt and merged with nearby St Peter's. The current church was designed by Sir Christopher Wren.^[2] It is one of only four churches in the City of London to escape damage during World War II.

History

St Benet's traces its history back to the year 1111,^[3] when a church was built on the site and dedicated to St Benedict. Over time the name became St. Benet's Paul's Wharf after the hythe where the church was located. To the west of the site was the watergate of Baynard's Castle, which is referenced in the biographies of Queen Anne Boleyn and Lady Jane Grey. Both the church and the castle were destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666.^[4] It was redesigned by the architect Christopher Wren, and reopened in 1683. The builder was Edward Strong the Elder.^[5]

On 2 March 1706, Henrietta Hobart married Charles Howard, 9th Earl of Suffolk, a captain in the 6th (Inniskilling) Dragoons there. (Henrietta Howard subsequently became mistress to the future King George II.)^[6]^[7]

The church was narrowly saved from destruction in the late 19th century, when its parish was merged with that of St Nicholas Cole Abbey. After an energetic campaign by its supporters, Queen Victoria in 1879 granted the church to Welsh Anglicans for services. St Benet's continues as London's Metropolitan Welsh church, with its services conducted in the Welsh language, and with English translation provided.^[8]

Present day

In 2008 the church was closed for a few months due to a "dwindling congregation"^[9] but reopened in time for the carol service in December that year. Services are held weekly on Sunday mornings at 11am, with occasional special services on Sunday afternoons at 3pm.^[10] The church can be toured on Thursdays between 11am and 3pm.

The parish is within the Conservative Evangelical tradition of the Church of England, and it has passed resolutions to reject the ordination of women and/or female leadership.^[11]

Exterior

The church is of dark red brick, with alternating courses of Portland stone at the corners. The tower is situated to the north-west of the nave and is capped by a small lead dome, lantern and simple short spire.^[12]

Interior

The interior is almost a square. Unusually for a Wren church, the ceiling is flat rather than domed or barrel-vaulted. The north gallery was formerly used by the Doctors' Commons, and is now used by the College of Arms. Most of the original 17th-century furnishings are still intact, including the magnificent altar table, reredos and pulpit, designed by Grinling Gibbons. The lectern and baptismal font are also original.^[13]

The galleries are supported by Corinthian columns. There is a memorial to Inigo Jones, who was buried in the previous church,^[14] and a medallion bust of Sir Robert Wyseman, a benefactor of St Benet's who died in 1684.^[12]

Officers of arms buried in the church

Hon. Sir George Rothe Bellew, Garter
Sir Ralph Bigland, Garter
Sir Anthony Richard Wagner, Garter
Sir Gilbert Dethick, Garter
Sir Henry St George, Garter
John Riddell Bromhead Walker, Clarenceux
George Drewry Squibb, Norfolk
Rodney Onslow Dennys, Somerset
Major Francis Jones, Wales
John Philipot, Somerset
John Charles Brooke, Somerset
Sir William Cheney, Kent

References

^ Bradley, Simon; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1998). London – The City Churches (reprint ed.). Penguin Books.
^ Christopher Hibbert, Ben Weinreb et al., The London Encyclopaedia, 3rd ed. (London: Pan Macmillan, 2008); ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5
^ "The City of London Churches: monuments of another age" Quantrill, E; Quantrill, M p54: London; Quartet; 1975
^ "The Survey of Building Sites in London after the Great Fire of 1666" Mills, P/ Oliver, J Vol I pp20-21: Guildhall Library MS. 84 reproduced in facsimile, London, London Topographical Society, 1946
^ Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1859 by Rupert Gunnis
^ Tracy Borman, King's Mistress, Queen's Servant: The Life and Times of Henrietta Howard (London: Vintage, 2010), p. 17.
^ [2]
^ "St Benet The Metropolitan Welsh Church: Services". Retrieved 18 May 2014.
^ "Welsh church in London is closed". BBC News. 18 July 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
^ "St Benet The Metropolitan Welsh Church: Diary". Retrieved 1 September 2016.
^ "Newsletter: Summer 2018" (PDF). Bishop of Maidstone. August 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
^ ^a ^b Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 717.
^ Bradley, Simon; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1998). London – The City Churches (reprint ed.). Penguin Books. p. 70.
^ "The City Churches" Tabor, M. p66:London; The Swarthmore Press Ltd; 1917

External links

Church website
St Benet Paul's Wharf from Friends of the City Churches
360° panorama inside the church

[1] Bradley, Simon; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1998). London – The City Churches (reprint ed.). Penguin Books.

[2] Christopher Hibbert, Ben Weinreb et al., The London Encyclopaedia, 3rd ed. (London: Pan Macmillan, 2008); ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5

[3] "The City of London Churches: monuments of another age" Quantrill, E; Quantrill, M p54: London; Quartet; 1975

[4] "The Survey of Building Sites in London after the Great Fire of 1666" Mills, P/ Oliver, J Vol I pp20-21: Guildhall Library MS. 84 reproduced in facsimile, London, London Topographical Society, 1946

[5] Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1859 by Rupert Gunnis

[6] Tracy Borman, King's Mistress, Queen's Servant: The Life and Times of Henrietta Howard (London: Vintage, 2010), p. 17.

[7] [2]

[8] "St Benet The Metropolitan Welsh Church: Services". Retrieved 18 May 2014.

[9] "Welsh church in London is closed". BBC News. 18 July 2008. Retrieved 17 May 2015.

[10] "St Benet The Metropolitan Welsh Church: Diary". Retrieved 1 September 2016.

[Summer_2018_newsletter-11] "Newsletter: Summer 2018" (PDF). Bishop of Maidstone. August 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2018.

[Weinreb-12] Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1992). The London Encyclopaedia (reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 717.

[13] Bradley, Simon; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1998). London – The City Churches (reprint ed.). Penguin Books. p. 70.

[14] "The City Churches" Tabor, M. p66:London; The Swarthmore Press Ltd; 1917

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v t e Churches in the City of London
extant churches	All Hallows-by-the-Tower All Hallows-on-the-Wall City Temple Dutch Church, Austin Friars St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe St Andrew, Holborn St Andrew Undershaft St Anne and St Agnes St Bartholomew-the-Great St Bartholomew-the-Less St Benet, Paul's Wharf St Botolph, Aldersgate St Botolph, Aldgate St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate St Bride, Fleet Street St Clement, Eastcheap St Dunstan-in-the-West St Edmund, King and Martyr St Ethelburga, Bishopsgate St Giles, Cripplegate St Helen, Bishopsgate St James, Garlickhythe St Katharine Cree St Lawrence Jewry St Magnus the Martyr St Margaret Lothbury St Margaret Pattens St Martin, Ludgate St Mary Abchurch St Mary Aldermary St Mary Moorfields St Mary Woolnoth St Mary-at-Hill St Mary-le-Bow St Michael, Cornhill St Michael, Paternoster Royal St Nicholas, Cole Abbey St Olave, Hart Street St Paul's Cathedral St Peter upon Cornhill St Sepulchre-without-Newgate St Stephen Walbrook St Vedast alias Foster Temple Church
churches of which only the tower remains	All Hallows Staining Christ Church, Greyfriars St Alban, Wood Street St Alphage London Wall St Augustine, Watling Street St Dunstan-in-the-East St Martin Orgar St Mary Somerset St Olave, Old Jewry
churches rebuilt after the Great Fire but since demolished	All Hallows Bread Street All Hallows Lombard Street All-Hallows-the-Great St Antholin, Budge Row St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange St Benet Fink St Benet Gracechurch St Christopher le Stocks St Dionis Backchurch St George Botolph Lane St Katherine Coleman St Mary Aldermanbury St Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street St Matthew Friday Street St Michael Bassishaw St Michael, Crooked Lane St Michael Queenhithe St Michael Wood Street St Mildred, Bread Street St Mildred, Poultry St Stephen Coleman Street St Swithin, London Stone
churches destroyed in the Great Fire and not rebuilt	All Hallows Honey Lane All-Hallows-the-Less Holy Trinity the Less St Andrew Hubbard St Ann Blackfriars St Benet Sherehog St Botolph Billingsgate St Faith under St Paul's St Gabriel Fenchurch St Gregory by St Paul's St John the Baptist upon Walbrook St John the Evangelist Friday Street St John Zachary St Laurence Pountney St Leonard, Eastcheap St Leonard, Foster Lane St Margaret Moses St Margaret, New Fish Street St Martin Pomary St Martin Vintry St Mary Bothaw St Mary Colechurch St Mary Magdalen Milk Street St Mary Mounthaw St Mary Staining St Mary Woolchurch Haw St Michael-le-Querne St Nicholas Acons St Nicholas Olave St Olave, Silver Street St Pancras, Soper Lane St Peter, Paul's Wharf St Peter, Westcheap St Thomas the Apostle
other former churches	College of Minor Canons Holy Trinity Gough Square Holy Trinity Priory, Aldgate Hospital of St Thomas of Acre Old St Paul's Cathedral St Audoen within Newgate St Augustine Papey St James Duke's Place St Martin Outwich St Mary Axe St Nicholas Shambles St Peter le Poer